Today, living and health conditions are improving, however, the incidence of asthma in children are more and more, the overuse of antibiotics is an important reason. The earliest use of antibiotics is penicillin G, along with scientific progress, and now there are more and more types of antibiotics, the phenomenon of antibiotic abuse is also more and more. Many studies have confirmed that antibiotics used in the neonatal and infant can lead to changes in intestinal flora and increase the risk of asthma. Children's upper respiratory tract infections are mostly caused by a virus, antibiotics will be not only ineffective against the virus but also will create side effects such as drug resistance and inhibition of normal intestinal flora. Epidemiological survey shows that children in the early childhood getting certain infectious diseases may reduce the risk of getting allergic diseases and asthma in the future. With the social environment and health conditions improved it reduces the chances to access to microbial antigens for infants and young children may also be contributed to increase the incidence of allergic diseases of children.